On September 30 at 12:00 noon, the Valdai Club held an online discussion, timed to coincide with the 5th anniversary of the start of Russia’s military operation in Syria. Moutaz Adham, Head of the Oxfam Mission in Syria; Alexander Aksenenok, Vice President of the Russian International Affairs Council; Anna Cervi, Director of the Norwegian Refugee Council in Syria; Ruslan Mamedov, Project Manager (MENA) at the Russian International Affairs Council participated. The discussion was moderated by Ivan Timofeev, Programme Director of the Valdai Club.