On November 25, the Valdai Club hosted an expert discussion dedicated to the thirtieth anniversary of the entry into force of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. On November 16, 1994, the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which was signed in 1982, entered into force. This was the first ever uniform set of rules for maritime use that was signed and ratified by the vast majority of the world’s states, although certain countries, such as the United States, Turkey, and Israel, did not join. Against the backdrop of these and many other “maritime” challenges — piracy, maritime terrorism, infrastructure sabotage, and unresolved territorial disputes — the question arises: how well does the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) correspond to modern realities? What is the future of the maritime legal regime as seen by experts from different countries? Based on the experience of the last thirty years, what specific benefits have participation in the Convention brought to Russia? Is there a possibility that Russia will withdraw from the Convention in the foreseeable future?