Relations between Russia and Western countries remain extremely tense on the military-political front. Military spending is increasing, defence industries and armed forces are being modernized. The Baltic Sea region is the most dangerous area of contact between Russia and NATO. The participants of the open discussion of the Valdai Discussion Club expert dialogue in partnership with Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University discussed if a maritime blockade in the region is possible. What consequences could it have? How can the escalation be controlled? Who would benefit and who would stand to lose?